A Hyper-V checkpoint (called a snapshot in older versions) captures a VM's state at a point in time so you can return to it later. It is perfect for short-term safety nets: before installing an update, testing a configuration change, or during a lab exercise. When you take a checkpoint, Hyper-V stops writing to the current virtual disk and creates a differencing disk (an .avhdx file) for all new writes; the original disk becomes a read-only parent.
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