Data exists in three states, and each needs different protection. Data at rest is stored: on disks, in databases, in backups, on USB drives and in cloud storage. Data in transit (or in motion) is moving across a network, between a browser and a web server, between data centers or from a phone to a cloud service. Data in use is being actively processed: loaded into memory, displayed on a screen or used by an application's CPU. Security+ expects you to match each state with the controls that fit it, and to spot which state a scenario is describing.
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