Software-defined security means expressing security controls as software and code that can be deployed, changed and scaled automatically, rather than depending on physical appliances and manual configuration. It grew alongside cloud computing, virtualization, containers and software-defined networking (SDN), where infrastructure is created and destroyed through application programming interfaces (APIs) in minutes and traditional perimeter hardware cannot keep up. If servers exist for only an hour, their firewall rules have to be created and removed with them.
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