Access control follows a sequence that the exam expects you to know cold. Identification is the subject claiming an identity, such as typing a username or presenting a badge. Authentication is proving that claim. Authorization is deciding what the authenticated subject may do. Accountability, which depends on auditing, ties actions back to the individual. Together these are often summarized as IAAA. If identities are shared, accountability collapses, because you can no longer tell who did what, which is why unique user IDs matter as much as strong passwords.
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