Data can leave an organization by mistake or on purpose: an email sent to the wrong person, a spreadsheet uploaded to personal cloud storage, a lost laptop, a misconfigured storage bucket or a deliberate theft by an insider. Data loss prevention (DLP) and encryption are two of the main technical defenses. DLP watches where sensitive data goes and can stop it; encryption makes data unreadable to anyone without the key, so that if it does escape, it is useless. Both depend on knowing which data is sensitive, which is why data classification comes first.
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